The Last Name Project - African-American History

History - Social Studies

📝 My Last Name Project Worksheet
Discovering the Meaning Behind Your Family Name

Name: _________________________  Date: _________________________

 

🔍 Part 1: Discover Your Name

1. What Does My Last Name Mean?
Go to a name website like BehindTheName.com or talk to a family member.

My last name is: _______________________________

It comes from (country or culture): _______________________________

It means: ________________________________________________________

 

2. How Did African Americans Get Their Last Names?
Read, research, or discuss how African Americans received their last names (from enslavers, free ancestors, or choosing their own).

Write 3–4 sentences:

🏡 Part 2: Family & Identity

1. Ask a Family Member
Talk to a parent, grandparent, or guardian and write what you learn.

  • Do you know where our last name comes from?
  • Has it changed over time?
  • What does it mean to our family?

Write 2–3 sentences about what you learned:

2. If You Could Choose a Last Name...
If you could pick a last name that shows who you are, what would it be?

My chosen name would be: _______________________________________

Why?

🎨 Part 3: Show What You Learned

✅ Choose ONE way to show what you discovered about your name:

Poster – Draw your name, its meaning, and pictures or symbols that represent your family.
Short Report – Write 1 page (or a paragraph) explaining everything you learned.
Family Tree – Draw a simple family tree that shows people with your last name.
Video or Audio Interview – Record yourself explaining what you learned!

🧠 Need Help?

  • Ask your teacher for a printed family interview sheet.
  • Use a sentence starter if you're stuck.
  • Draw instead of writing where needed!

Las capas de la atmosfera

inglés

 

 

Capas de la atmósfera

La atmósfera de la Tierra es una capa compuesta por gases que rodea a todo el planeta. Es una zona de gases muy gruesa y amplia, que consta de 5 partes o capas con distinta composición y distintas funciones. Por ejemplo, el clima que nos afecta está en la capa denominada troposfera.

Estructura atmosférica

La atmósfera consiste en 5 capas principales en función de su temperatura, composición química, densidad y movimiento, pero también tiene otras regiones de características especiales. Esto indica que la atmósfera no es solamente una mezcla de gases suspendidos en lo alto del planeta, sino que se trata de una estructura compleja cuya constitución varía según la capa.

Image removed.

Troposfera

Es la capa más baja y abarca la superficie terrestre hasta una altura media de 12 kilómetros; unos 17 kilómetros en las regiones ecuatoriales y cerca de 9 kilómetros en polos. En los trópicos puede tener una altitud de hasta 20 kilómetros. Contiene aproximadamente cuatro quintas partes del aire del planeta, y es en ella donde se produce el clima que afecta a los seres vivos, incluyendo los fenómenos atmosféricos. En la tropósfera se produce el clima que afecta a los seres vivos, incluyendo los fenómenos atmosféricos.

La temperatura del aire en la troposfera disminuye en tanto aumenta la altitud. ¿Por qué? La razón es que el sol calienta la superficie terrestre y esta calienta la parte inferior de la troposfera. De manera similar, la cantidad de vapor de agua suele disminuir a mayor altura y es mayor cerca de la superficie. La región limítrofe de la troposfera que la separa de la estratosfera, se llama tropopausa. Ahí la temperatura no experimenta variaciones con la altura.

Image removed.

Estratosfera

Separada de la troposfera por la tropopausa, se encuentra esta capa que contiene un 19% de los gases atmosféricos, pero muy poca cantidad de vapor de agua. Su altura, del mismo modo que en el caso de la troposfera, varía según la región de la superficie terrestre. Normalmente, se encuentra entre los 10-13 y los 50 kilómetros de altitud, pero en los polos comienza a partir de los 8 kilómetros mientras que en zonas cercanas al ecuador inicia a una altura de 18 kilómetros. Su temperatura es más caliente que la de la troposfera debido a que la capa de ozono absorbe un 97-99 por ciento de la luz ultravioleta del Sol. La capa de ozono es una región de la estratósfera que bloquea los rayos solares e impide que lleguen a los seres vivos en su forma dañina. A pesar de su calor, en su base presenta una temperatura sumamente fría, de hasta -80 grados centígrados.

Mesosfera

Se ubica encima de la estratosfera hasta una altura de 80-85 kilómetros en las latitudes medias, donde se encuentra la mesopausa. Esta constituye el límite entre la mesosfera y la termosfera. Los gases de la mesosfera son los responsables de frenar meteoritos y otros fragmentos antes de que impacten contra la superficie terrestre.

La temperatura en esta capa desciende nuevamente hasta casi alcanzar los -120 a -143 grados centígrados en su parte superior. Los gruesos gases de la mesosfera son los responsables de frenar los meteoritos y otros fragmentos de cuerpos celestes antes de que impacten contra la superficie terrestre. Lo que ocurre es que justo en la mesosfera se reduce la velocidad de los meteoritos y acaban quemándose.

Termosfera

Desde el límite superior de la mesopausa se extiende la termosfera, conocida como atmósfera superior. Se extiende hasta los 500-1,000 kilómetros, y a unos 80-550 kilómetros de la superficie terrestre se localiza la ionosfera, una delgada región conductora de electricidad puesto que se encuentra siempre ionizada, es decir, sus electrones y átomos están cargados eléctricamente debido a la radiación ultravioleta del Sol.

La termosfera presenta temperaturas que aumentan con la altitud, como consecuencia de la absorción de una elevada radiación solar. Solo en la termosfera es posible una temperatura de hasta 2,000 grados centígrados en su parte superior. No obstante, para un ser humano la sensación no es tan caliente, ya que el número de moléculas contenido no es alto como para provocar el calentamiento del cuerpo. Es en esta capa donde se producen las auroras boreales, vistas por lo regular en las regiones polares. Aquí también es el sitio donde transcurre el tiempo para los astronautas que orbitan la Tierra en un transbordador espacial o en una estación espacial.

Image removed.

Exosfera

Es la última capa, la más externa hasta conectarse con el viento solar. Comprende el área desde la parte superior de la termosfera hasta unos 10,000 kilómetros de altura hasta perderse en el vacío del espacio interplanetario.

Si deseas leer más artículos parecidos a Capas de la atmósfera, te recomendamos que entres en nuestra categoría de Otros La Tierra.

SELECCIONE LA RESPUESTA  CORRECTA

1.Protege a la Tierra de los dañinos rayos del Sol.

EXOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

MESOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

2. ¿En qué capa de la atmósfera se forman las estrellas fugaces?

EXOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

MESOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

 

La capa que limita con el espacio interestelar es la...

EXOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

MESOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

3.La capa de ozono se encuentra en la...

EXOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

MESOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

4.La capa con la más alta temperatura es la...

EXOSFERA

TROPOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

5.En la troposfera se producen todos los....

FENÓMENOS METEOROLÓGICOS

GASES IONIZADOS

GASES IONIZADO

GASES ATMOSFÉRICOS

6.Es la capa más fría de la atmósfera

GASES IONIZADOS

GASES IONIZADOS

GASES ATMOSFÉRICOS

MESOSFERA

               

7.La capa de la tierra donde se producen los fenómenos meteorológicos es

EXOSFERA

TROPOSFERA

TERMOSFERA

ESTRATOSFERA

 

 

 

 

Hello - Adele

English

[Verse 1]
Hello, it's me
I was __________ if, after all these years, you'd like to meet
To __ ____ everything
They say that time's __________ to heal ya
But I _____ done much healin'
Hello, can you hear me?
I'm in California ________ about who we used to be
When we _____ younger and free
I've _________ how it felt before the world ____ at our feet

[Pre-Chorus]
There's such a difference between us
And a million ______

[Chorus]
Hello from the other side
I _______ ______ a thousand times
To tell you I'm sorry for everything that I've _____
But when I call, you never _____ to be home
Hello from the outside
At ______, I can say that I've tried
To tell you I'm sorry for breaking your _____
But it _____ matter, it clearly doesn't _____ you _____ anymore

[Verse 2]
Hello, how are you?
It's so _______ of me to talk about myself, I'm sorry
I hope that you're well
Did you ever make it out of that town
Where nothing ever __________?

 

[Pre-Chorus]
It's no secret that the _____ of us
Are ________ ____ of time

[Chorus]
Hello from the other side
I _______ ______ a thousand times
To tell you I'm sorry for everything that I've _____
But when I call, you never _____ to be home
Hello from the outside
At ______, I can say that I've tried
To tell you I'm sorry for breaking your _____
But it _____ matter, it clearly doesn't _____ you _____ anymore

[Bridge]
(Highs, highs, highs, highs, lows, lows, lows, lows) Ooh, anymore
(Highs, highs, highs, highs, lows, lows, lows, lows) Ooh, anymore
(Highs, highs, highs, highs, lows, lows, lows, lows) Ooh, anymore
(Highs, highs, highs, highs, lows, lows, lows, lows) Anymore

[Chorus]
Hello from the other side
I _______ ______ a thousand times
To tell you I'm sorry for everything that I've _____
But when I call, you never _____ to be home
Hello from the outside
At ______, I can say that I've tried
To tell you I'm sorry for breaking your _____
But it _____ matter, it clearly doesn't _____ you _____ anymore

The Legend of Lau Kawar Lake

English Subject

The Legend of Lau Kawar Lake

At that time, people believe that harvest season has arrived in Kawar village. The entire citizen was happy with the rice crops; like the Kawar village chief who definitely delighted since he had a very wide field. As the expression of gratitude to God, the Kawar Village chief held a Guro-Guro Aron Drum party in his field for four days and four nights. The entire citizen was invited to that extraordinary party.

Because the invitation was sent by the village chief no one dare to refuse the invitation except an old woman, the mother of the village chief. This woman was alone in the house, while all of her children and grandchildren went to the party. Continuously some faint drum voices from time to time could be heard from her bed. Around midday the danced was stopped for lunch break. The village chief and the whole villagers were having luxurious and abundant lunch. Beef and goat as well as pig and chicken were served in the meals; everyone was full, satisfied and happy. But this was just the first day.

After resting for a moment, the dancing and singing was continued came guided by the village chief's child. Strangely while dancing in the afternoon the village chief called his small child, apparently he remembered his mother who was left was alone and hungry at home. Rice with decent side dishes was prepared. The small child was told to deliver it to his grandmother house. However unfortunate fate once again fell on the grandmother, he forgot to delivered the lunch in time, even food he should be delivering was opened by him in the middle of the road and all beef, goat, chicken, and pig was eaten until only the bones left and then the grandchild packed the bone into the original parcel.

Although the lunch was arrived very late on the afternoon but the grandmother still smile to her grandchild who came to bring the lunch. After delivering the lunch, the grandchild then returns the field immediately. Thus the old woman with great difficulty got up from the bed to eat. But when the parcel in opened the grandmother startled because there are only bones in it. For a long time the baffled grandmother gazed at the parcel, did not realize his tear fell wetted his wrinkled cheek. Indeed the grandmother's fate was poor. The child whom she raised into a respected village chief has forgotten his mother. The grandmother's conscience was very sad, disappointed and angry. She cried, and swore "I who give birth and raised you, till you have the respected position evidently you could not respect your own parents, this mother's milk as the witness my child, for that is swore” her tears continued to fell on her cheek. Not long afterwards the words of this unfortunate grandmother was granted, dark dew began to close the sky, as the day got dark. Lightning and the thunder swarmed continuously. The whole citizen who was celebrating the party began to panic; moreover the rain began to pour down rapidly.

The party was ended instantly; the entire citizen ran looking for a sheltering place. But the rain does not care, the rain continuously poured down for seven day and seven the night, then suddenly a flood happened. Kawar village that located precisely under Sinabung Mountain Foot was sunk. Nothing could be saved. Kawar village then became a lake, which today known as the Lau Kawar Lake

The Legend of Lau Kawar Lake

At that time, people believe that harvest season has arrived in Kawar village. The entire citizen was happy with the rice crops; like the Kawar village chief who definitely delighted since he had a very wide field. As the expression of gratitude to God, the Kawar Village chief held a Guro-Guro Aron Drum party in his field for four days and four nights. The entire citizen was invited to that extraordinary party.

Because the invitation was sent by the village chief no one dare to refuse the invitation except an old woman, the mother of the village chief. This woman was alone in the house, while all of her children and grandchildren went to the party. Continuously some faint drum voices from time to time could be heard from her bed. Around midday the danced was stopped for lunch break. The village chief and the whole villagers were having luxurious and abundant lunch. Beef and goat as well as pig and chicken were served in the meals; everyone was full, satisfied and happy. But this was just the first day.

After resting for a moment, the dancing and singing was continued came guided by the village chief's child. Strangely while dancing in the afternoon the village chief called his small child, apparently he remembered his mother who was left was alone and hungry at home. Rice with decent side dishes was prepared. The small child was told to deliver it to his grandmother house. However unfortunate fate once again fell on the grandmother, he forgot to delivered the lunch in time, even food he should be delivering was opened by him in the middle of the road and all beef, goat, chicken, and pig was eaten until only the bones left and then the grandchild packed the bone into the original parcel.

Although the lunch was arrived very late on the afternoon but the grandmother still smile to her grandchild who came to bring the lunch. After delivering the lunch, the grandchild then returns the field immediately. Thus the old woman with great difficulty got up from the bed to eat. But when the parcel in opened the grandmother startled because there are only bones in it. For a long time the baffled grandmother gazed at the parcel, did not realize his tear fell wetted his wrinkled cheek. Indeed the grandmother's fate was poor. The child whom she raised into a respected village chief has forgotten his mother. The grandmother's conscience was very sad, disappointed and angry. She cried, and swore "I who give birth and raised you, till you have the respected position evidently you could not respect your own parents, this mother's milk as the witness my child, for that is swore” her tears continued to fell on her cheek. Not long afterwards the words of this unfortunate grandmother was granted, dark dew began to close the sky, as the day got dark. Lightning and the thunder swarmed continuously. The whole citizen who was celebrating the party began to panic; moreover the rain began to pour down rapidly.

The party was ended instantly; the entire citizen ran looking for a sheltering place. But the rain does not care, the rain continuously poured down for seven day and seven the night, then suddenly a flood happened. Kawar village that located precisely under Sinabung Mountain Foot was sunk. Nothing could be saved. Kawar village then became a lake, which today known as the Lau Kawar Lake

​​​​

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