STUDENT WORKSHEET

OBJECTIVE :

• Explain the kinds of biodiversity
• Identify gene, species and ecosystem diversity
• Differentiate between gene, species and ecosystem diversity
• Explain the benefits of biodiversity

BIODIVERSITY

Biodiversity is the diversity in living things that show variations in shape, appearance, size, and other characteristics. Biodiversity is also known as biodiversity, which includes the overall variation found at the gene, species, and ecosystem levels in an area. This diversity occurs due to the influence of genetic and environmental factors that affect phenotypes. This diversity occurs due to the influence of genetic factors and environmental factors that affect phenotypes (gene expression). broadly speaking, biodiversity is divided into 3 levels, namely as follows:

1. Gene Diversity

Gene diversity is the diversity of individuals in one type or species of living things. species of living things. Gene diversity causes variations in genetic makeup that affects the genotype (traits) and phenotype (external appearance) of a living creature. (external appearance) of a living creature. There are variations in the arrangement of genes in similar individuals.

2. Species Diversity

Species diversity shows all the variations found in living things between species. Differences between species in living things that belong to one family (family) are more striking so that they are easier to observe than individual differences within one species.

3. Ecosystem Diversity

Ecosystem diversity is the diversity of a community consisting of animals, plants, and microorganisms in a habitat. Ecosystem diversity occurs due to gene diversity and species diversity.

The Distribution, Conservation and Benefits of Biodiversity

The flora of Indonesia includes the flora of the Malesiana region which includes Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. In 2009, Van Welzen and Silk, botanists from the Netherlands, conducted research that explained the distribution of Malesian flora. According to both of them, Malesian flora is divided into Sunda plain flora, Sahul plain flora, and flora in the middle area (transition) which is very distinctive and endemic. typical and endemic.

Based on its geographical location, Indonesia is crossed by two imaginary lines, namely the Wallace Line and the Weber Line. These two imaginary lines cause differences in the distribution of animals (fauna) Indonesia. The distribution of fauna in Indonesia is influenced by aspects of geography and geological events of the Asian and Australian continents. Zoologists argue that the type of fauna in the western part of Indonesia is similar to the fauna in Southeast Asia. similar to the fauna in Southeast Asia (oriental), while the fauna in the eastern part of Indonesia is similar to the fauna in Southeast Asia. eastern Indonesia is similar to the fauna of the Australian continent (australis) The faunal regions in Indonesia can be divided into three regions, namely the western Indonesian region, the transitional region (Wallacea), and the eastern Indonesian region.

QUESTION