📝 Student Instruction: Present Perfect Tense

1. When do we use Present Perfect?

• To talk about actions or experiences at an unspecified time in the past.
  • I have visited Japan.
• To talk about actions that started in the past and continue until now.
  • She has lived here for 10 years.
• To talk about actions that happened in the past but still have a result now.
  • He has broken his leg (he can’t walk now).

2. Form

• Affirmative (+): Subject + have/has + past participle (V3)
  • I have eaten breakfast.
  • She has finished her homework.
• Negative (–): Subject + have/has + not + past participle
  • I haven’t seen that movie.
  • He hasn’t called me.
• Question (?): Have/Has + subject + past participle
  • Have you visited London?
  • Has she done her homework?

3. Time expressions used with Present Perfect

• just → I have just finished my homework.
• already → She has already eaten.
• yet → Have you finished yet? / I haven’t finished yet.
• ever → Have you ever been to Paris?
• never → I have never seen snow.
• for (a period of time) → for 5 years
• since (a starting point) → since 2010

4. Examples

• We have studied English for three years.
• He has never played basketball.
• Have they arrived yet?

👉 Practice Example:
Change the verb into Present Perfect.

1. I (see) that movie three times. → I have seen that movie three times.
2. She (not finish) her homework yet. → She hasn’t finished her homework yet.
3. (they / travel) to London before? → Have they traveled to London before?