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THE IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENT AND HOW TO CARE IT

Natural and human events

Learn how human activities threatens our environment.

Answer the following questions 

 

1. Which of the following best describes adaptation?

   a) The process by which organisms change over time

   b) The process of developing new species

   c) The process of migration to different habitats

   d) The process of hibernation during winter

 

2. What is the main purpose of adaptation in living organisms?

   a) To increase their lifespan

   b) To prevent diseases

   c) To survive and reproduce in their environment

   d) To communicate with other organisms

 

3. Which of the following is an example of a structural adaptation?

   a) The ability of a chameleon to change its skin color

   b) The migration of birds during winter

   c) The hibernation of bears during the cold season

   d) The ability of a shark to detect electrical signals

 

4. Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation?

   a) The long neck of a giraffe

   b) The camouflage of a chameleon

   c) The migration of monarch butterflies

   d) The sharp claws of a tiger

 

5. How does camouflage help an organism survive?

   a) It helps the organism find food more easily

   b) It helps the organism attract a mate

   c) It helps the organism hide from predators or prey

   d) It helps the organism communicate with others

 

6. Which of the following is an example of a plant adaptation?

   a) The ability of a cactus to store water

   b) The ability of a butterfly to fly long distances

   c) The ability of a squirrel to climb trees

   d) The ability of a snake to shed its skin

 

7. What is mimicry as an adaptation?

   a) The ability of an organism to produce toxins

   b) The ability of an organism to imitate the appearance of another organism

   c) The ability of an organism to run at high speeds

   d) The ability of an organism to change its body coloration

 

8. Which of the following is an example of a physiological adaptation?

   a) The ability of a bird to build a nest

   b) The ability of a fish to breathe underwater

   c) The ability of a plant to photosynthesize

   d) The ability of a mammal to change its fur color

 

9. How do organisms with adaptations have an advantage over those without?

   a) They can live longer lives

   b) They can reproduce more offspring

   c) They can communicate with other organisms more effectively

   d) They can survive and thrive in their environment

 

10. Which of the following is NOT an example of an adaptation?

    a) A polar bear's thick fur to keep it warm in the Arctic

    b) A cheetah's speed to catch its prey

    c) A peacock's colorful feathers to attract a mate

    d) A dog's ability to perform tricks for treats

 

11. What is an ecosystem?

   a) A group of organisms living together in a habitat

   b) The study of rocks and minerals in a given area

   c) The process of converting sunlight into food energy

   d) The interaction between predators and prey

 

12. What are the components of an ecosystem?

   a) Rocks and minerals

   b) Producers, consumers, and decomposers

   c) Sunlight and water

   d) Oxygen and carbon dioxide

 

13. What are producers in an ecosystem?

   a) Organisms that consume other organisms for energy

   b) Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis

   c) Organisms that break down dead organic matter

   d) Organisms that decompose waste materials

 

14. Which of the following is an example of a consumer in an ecosystem?

   a) Grass

   b) Rabbit

   c) Tree

   d) Fungus

 

15. What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

   a) They break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients

   b) They produce food through photosynthesis

   c) They are the top predators in the ecosystem

   d) They help plants grow by providing them with nutrients

 

16. What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?

   a) Rocks and minerals

   b) Sunlight

   c) Oxygen

   d) Water

 

17. How do consumers obtain energy in an ecosystem?

   a) They produce their own food through photosynthesis

   b) They consume other organisms

   c) They break down dead organic matter

   d) They absorb nutrients from the soil

 

18. Which of the following is an example of a decomposer in an ecosystem?

   a) Lion

   b) Grasshopper

   c) Mushroom

   d) Algae

 

19. What is the main difference between producers and consumers in an ecosystem?

   a) Producers produce their own food, while consumers consume other organisms for energy

   b) Producers are carnivores, while consumers are herbivores

   c) Producers are microscopic, while consumers are macroscopic

   d) Producers live in water, while consumers live on land

 

20. How are energy and nutrients transferred in an ecosystem?

    a) Energy flows from producers to consumers, while nutrients flow from consumers to producers

    b) Energy and nutrients flow from producers to consumers

    c) Energy and nutrients flow from consumers to producers

    d) Energy and nutrients flow randomly within the ecosystem

 

21. What is a food chain?

   a) A group of organisms living together in a habitat

   b) The study of rocks and minerals in a given area

   c) The process of converting sunlight into food energy

   d) The sequence of organisms where one organism eats another organism to obtain energy

 

22. What do arrows represent in a food chain?

   a) The direction of energy flow

   b) The movement of organisms

   c) The relationship between producers and consumers

   d) The process of photosynthesis

 

23. What is a food web?

   a) A single line of organisms that shows the flow of energy

   b) A diagram representing the interconnected food chains in an ecosystem

   c) A process where organisms convert food into energy

   d) The interaction between predators and prey

 

24. How are food chains and food webs different?

   a) Food chains show more complex interactions than food webs

   b) Food webs focus on energy flow, while food chains focus on species interactions

   c) Food chains are more accurate representations of ecosystems than food webs

   d) Food webs are linear, while food chains are interconnected

 

25. What is the primary source of energy in a food chain or web?

   a) Sunlight

   b) Producers

   c) Decomposers

   d) Consumers

 

26. What is the role of decomposers in energy flow within an ecosystem?

   a) They consume primary consumers for energy

   b) They produce food through photosynthesis

   c) They break down dead organisms and release nutrients back into the ecosystem

   d) They are the top predators in the food chain

 

27. How does energy flow in a food chain or web?

   a) Energy flows from consumers to producers

   b) Energy flows from decomposers to consumers

   c) Energy flows from producers to consumers

   d) Energy flows from predators to prey

 

28. What happens to the amount of energy as you move up the food chain or web?

   a) The amount of energy decreases

   b) The amount of energy increases

   c) The amount of energy stays the same

   d) The amount of energy fluctuates

 

29. What are trophic levels in a food chain or web?

   a) The different types of habitats within an ecosystem

   b) The different reproductive strategies of organisms

   c) The positions that organisms occupy in the energy pyramid

   d) The various biomes found in a specific region

 

30. How do disruptions in one part of a food chain or web affect the entire ecosystem?

    a) Disruptions only affect the organisms directly involved

    b) Disruptions lead to increased biodiversity within the ecosystem

    c) Disruptions can cause imbalances and negatively impact other organisms

    d) Disruptions have minimal impact on the overall functioning of the ecosystem

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Tamilnadu state board
4th Science, Term - 3 , Unit-1

Case study: Bats

Bats are nocturnal animals. They can live in different environments but they need a place to roost.
The roost is the place where they spend the day and where they hibernate. You can find bat
roosts in caves, trees and inside empty buildings.
Most bats eat insects. A bat is able to eat one-third of its body weight in insects every night.
This means it eats several hundred insects in a few hours.
Some bats eat fruit. Vampire bats feed on blood.
Bats hunt for food at night. This means there is less competition for food since other animals
that eat insects or fruit hunt during the day.
Bats use sound to fly safely and find their prey. They make very high-pitched sounds which
humans cannot hear.
The main predators of bats are falcons and hawks.
Bats have light bones with webbing between which allows them to fly. They sleep upside down
and fold their wings to cover themselves.
In late autumn it gets colder and there are no longer insects and fruit for the bats to eat.
At this time of year bats look for a suitable place to hibernate. They often migrate long distances
to find the right place. The bats hibernate for up to six months. Their body functions slow down
so much that some bats only take one breath every two hours! They hibernate in groups with
many bats holding on to each other. This huddling behaviour helps to keep the bats warm.
Sometimes there are a million bats in one big cave.

CAMBRIDGE PRIMARY SCIENCE 5 UNIT 6: SEASONS AND ADAPTATIONS OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Cambridge Primary Science 5 – Fiona Baxter & Liz Dilley © Cambridge University Press 2021 6
1 Complete the following sentences. The missing words are highlighted in the case study.
a An animal that hunts and kills another animal for food is a _______________________.
b An animal that is hunted and killed by a predator is a _______________________.
c An animal that is active at night is _______________________.
d The place where bats sleep is called a _______________________.
e The thin skin between a bat’s bones is called _______________________.
f Bats keep warm in big groups by _______________________.
g Animals that are inactive for a long time during winter _______________________.
h An animal that travels a long distance to find food or a resting place or breeding place
_______________________ .
2 Name three foods that bats eat.

_________________________________________________________________________________
3 What adaptation do bats have to fly safely and to find food?

_________________________________________________________________________________

worksheet to review the main causes and effects of climate change.