Present Perfect Tense

Writing - English Language

📝 Student Instruction: Present Perfect Tense

  1. When do we use Present Perfect?
  • To talk about actions or experiences at an unspecified time in the past.

    • I have visited Japan.
  • To talk about actions that started in the past and continue until now.

    • She has lived here for 10 years.
  • To talk about actions that happened in the past but still have a result now.

    • He has broken his leg (he can’t walk now).
  1. Form
  • Affirmative (+): Subject + have/has + past participle (V3)

    • I have eaten breakfast.
    • She has finished her homework.
  • Negative (–): Subject + have/has + not + past participle

    • I haven’t seen that movie.
    • He hasn’t called me.
  • Question (?): Have/Has + subject + past participle

    • Have you visited London?
    • Has she done her homework?
  1. Time expressions used with Present Perfect
  • just → I have just finished my homework.
  • already → She has already eaten.
  • yet → Have you finished yet? / I haven’t finished yet.
  • ever → Have you ever been to Paris?
  • never → I have never seen snow.
  • for (a period of time) → for 5 years
  • since (a starting point) → since 2010
  1. Examples
  • We have studied English for three years.
  • He has never played basketball.
  • Have they arrived yet?

👉 Practice Example:
Change the verb into Present Perfect.

  1. I (see) that movie three times. → I have seen that movie three times.
  2. She (not finish) her homework yet. → She hasn’t finished her homework yet.
  3. (they / travel) to London before? → Have they traveled to London before?

Future Perfect Tense

Writing - English Language

📝 Student Instruction: Future Perfect Tense

  1. When do we use Future Perfect?
  • To talk about an action that will be completed before a specific time in the future.

    • By next year, I will have graduated from school.
  • To show that something will be finished before another future event.

    • She will have left by the time you arrive.
  1. Form
  • Affirmative (+): Subject + will + have + past participle (V3)

    • I will have finished my homework by 8 p.m.
    • They will have built the house by next month.
  • Negative (–): Subject + will + not (won’t) + have + past participle

    • I won’t have completed the project by tomorrow.
    • She won’t have arrived by 9 o’clock.
  • Question (?): Will + subject + have + past participle

    • Will you have finished your work by 5 p.m.?
    • Will they have left before we get there?
  1. Time expressions often used
  • by + time → by tomorrow, by next week, by 2025
  • before → before 6 p.m., before the meeting
  • by the time → by the time you arrive
  1. Examples
  • By the time he comes, I will have cleaned the house.
  • She will have written five emails before lunch.
  • Will you have read the book by next Monday?

👉 Practice Example:
Change the verb into Future Perfect.

  1. I (finish) my homework by 9 p.m. → I will have finished my homework by 9 p.m.
  2. She (not complete) the project before the deadline. → She won’t have completed the project before the deadline.
  3. (they / arrive) before we leave? → Will they have arrived before we leave?

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