Articles

Articles and their usage

🔹 Types of Articles

  1. Indefinite Articles:

    • "a" – used before words that begin with a consonant sound.

      • Example: a cat, a book, a university (sounds like you-niversity).
    • "an" – used before words that begin with a vowel sound.

      • Example: an apple, an hour, an honest man.
  2. Definite Article:

    • "the" – used to refer to a specific noun that is known to the reader or listener.

      • Example: the sun, the car you bought, the book on the table.

🔹 When to Use "a" or "an"

  • First mention:
    Use "a" or "an" when mentioning something for the first time.

    • I saw a movie last night.
    • She brought an umbrella.
  • One of many:
    Used when it’s not a specific one of its kind.

    • He wants to buy a car. (Not any specific car)

🔹 When to Use "the"

  • Specific noun (already mentioned or known):

    • I saw a dog. The dog was very friendly.
  • Unique things:

    • the sun, the moon, the earth
  • Superlatives and ordinals:

    • the best day, the first time
  • Things mentioned earlier:

    • I bought a pen and a notebook. The notebook is red.
  • Places (specific ones):

    • the Eiffel Tower, the Pacific Ocean, the UK

🔹 When Not to Use Any Article (Zero Article)

  • Plural nouns or uncountable nouns when speaking generally:

    • Cats are cute.
    • Information is valuable.
  • Names of countries (usually):

    • France, Japan (but the Netherlands, the United States)
  • Meals, months, and days:

    • We eat lunch at noon.
    • She was born in May.
    • School starts on Monday.

🔹 Tricky Situations

  • Abbreviations: Use based on pronunciation, not spelling.

    • an MBA (pronounced em-bee-ay)
    • a UFO (pronounced you-eff-oh)
  • Adjectives before nouns: Use article based on the sound of the adjective.

    • an interesting idea
    • a unique concept (sounds like you-nique)

Revision 1

English

REVISION 1 (U1-3)

 

PART 1: GRAMMAR

Identify the error (A, B, C or D) in each sentence and write the correct words/ phrases

Example:  What’s (A) his (B) name ? - His (C) name are (D) Alan

                    ANS: D-is

  1. Is this (A) a (B) orange or a (C) lemon? - It is a (D) lemon.
  2. Their son, James, is (A) an (B) mechanical engineer for a (C) company in (D) France.
  3. Anna Miller and Tom Brown are (A) my friends (B). Them (C) are from (D) England.
  4. My (A) boyfriend is (B) very funny, so people love (C) he (D) a lot.
  5. Our teacher is (A) Selena and she (B) is very kind (C) to we (D).
  6. Pamela and I am (A) Canadian, now we (B) live in a (C) small town in Spain (D).
  7. My car’s parents (A) is not very (B) expensive. It (A) is only 1000 dollars D).
  8. Lara’s (A) children are (B) in they (C) room upstairs in her house.
  9. Nancy is (A) from England (B). She (C) husband is a (D) doctor.

10. There isn’t (A) any books on (B) your desk but there are two English books (C) under it (D).
11. There are (A) two bookshelfs (B) with a lot of technical books and (C) a big table in (D) my room.

12. My (A) boyfriend is (B) very funny, so people love (C) he (D) a lot.
13. Look at that (A) screwdrivers over (B) there. They (C) are new but (D) very expensive.

14. The keys (A) are between the lamp or (B) some papers on the desk but the hammer is (C) under it (D).

15. Lee’s factory is (A) quite small. There are (B) a manager (C) and five workers (D).

16. I study (A) at Hanoi University of Industry. There are (B) 45 student (C) in my class (D).

17. What (A) is the language (B) in your (C) country? – We speak America (D).

18. I is (A) from Spain (B). I am not (C) from Germany (D).

19. Are (A) there an (B) English book (C) in the schoolbag on (D) the chair?

20. Mary is (A) a student (B). She goes (C) to school with she (D) friend by motorbike.

 

PART 2: VOCABULARY

Complete each sentence with a suitable word/ phrase. The first letter is given.

Example:  Sorry I’m late, may I c_ _ _ in please?

Answer: come

21. First, let’s do the h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on page 25 together and check your answer with a partner.

22. I’m sorry, can you speak more s_ _ _ _ _?. I can’t understand what you say.

23. Can you write the answers on the b _ _ _ _  please?. You will get one point for a correct answer  

24. I have a little b _ _ _ _ _ _. He is very naughty but lovely. My parents love him a lot.

25. My g _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is eighty years old but he still remembers everything about his school days.

26. My mother is my father’s w _ _ _. She is the person I love the most in my family.

27. I have two c _ _ _ _ _ _ _, a son and a daughter. The son is five and the daughter is seven.

28. Alice is from the United States. She is A _ _ _ _ _ _ _. She has a boyfriend from Australia.

29. There are four members in my f_ _ _ _ _: my father, my mother, my sister and me. 

30. My parents use an e-_ _ _ _ _ _ to read news on the internet when they are at home.

31. Mary is married, her h _ _ _ _ _ _ is an engineer. He works for an automobile factory.

32. My s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ often go to the school library to study. They are very interested in learning at this university.

33. Duncan is English. He is from _ _ _ _ _ _. He learns with many students from different countries.

34. There are a lot of s_ _ _ _ _ _ in the living room. Put books on them.

35. I can’t find my u_ _ _ _ _ _ _ to go out. It is raining outside.

36. I carry my books to school in my b_ _ _ _ _ _ _. I usually put it on my bed when I come home.

37. The man cuts his wood stick with a s_ _. He often keeps it together with the hammer in the box.

38. Don’t sit on that c_ _ _ _. Its leg is broken. I need to fix it with some screws.

39. She has a l_ _ _ _ _ c_ _ _ to keep her laptop safe. It is on the table behind the lamp.

40. I can’t hear it from here. The room is so noisy. Can you r_ _ _ _ _ that?

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