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It could be used as a test

could

Use can or could.

Choose one modal from the list to complete

Modal Verb Options:

• can
• could
• may
• might
• will

1. Where is your school?
   My school is in the ________ ________, which makes it very easy to get to. Since it’s in such a ________ ________, I can also visit ________, cafes, and other places nearby that help me with my studies.
2. Do you like your school?
   Yes, I really ________ my school because it’s a place where I can ________ a lot and meet people who are ________ to do well. Moreover, the teachers are also very ________, which makes learning enjoyable.
3. Do you think your school is a good place to study?
   Yes, my school is a ________ place to study because it has everything we need, like a good ________ and well-equipped ________ labs. In addition, the teachers are always ready to ________, which makes it easier to focus on learning.
4. What is the environment like at your school?
   The environment at my school is very ________ and encouraging. For example, students often ________ together on projects, and there are many ________ to keep us involved. Well, frankly speaking, it’s a place where everyone tries to do their ________.
5. What do you think could be improved in your school?
   Although my school is great, I think it could have more ________ ________ where students can choose to study ________ or in groups. This would make it easier for everyone to learn in the way that ________ them best.
6.  How important is interest in study?
   Interest in study is extremely ________ because it keeps you ________ despite challenges. When you’re ________ about what you’re learning, even ________ the midnight oil feels like an ________ in your future.
   Interest in study is very ________ because it helps you stay ________ and work hard, even when things get ________. When you like what you’re ________, it feels easier and more ________.
7.  Which subject do you find challenging?
   ________ is quite challenging for me because it requires sharp ________ skills and meeting tight ________ for assignments. However, I see it as an ________ to sharpen my ________ abilities.
   I find ________ a bit difficult because it needs a lot of ________ thinking and ________-solving. Even though it’s hard, I try to see it as a way to ________ my skills.
8. How do you go to school?
   I usually go to school by ________, which allows me to manage my ________ effectively. During the commute, I often ________ my notes or listen to educational ________ to make the most of my day.
   I usually take the ________ to school. It’s ________, and I use the time to ________ my notes or listen to ________, so the journey feels ________.
9. What are you studying?
   I’m currently ________ a degree in computer science, which I find both ________ and rewarding. It offers opportunities to explore ________-edge technologies and prepare for a ________ career in IT.
   I’m studying ________ ________. It’s a bit ________, but I enjoy it because it prepares me for a career in ________, which is something I’m ________.
10. Why did you choose this subject?
    I chose computer science because I’m ________ by how ________ is shaping our future. I aim to gain ________ in this field and use it to climb the ________ ladder.
    Well, I chose computer science because I’m really ________ in ________ and how it is ________ the world. I want to learn more about it and use this ________ to build my ________ career.

11.            What do you like most about your studies?

……………..is the balance between theoretical knowledge and practical application. For instance, during lab sessions, I gain hands-on …………………..which helps me sharpen my skills and stay ………………..

I like that my studies include both …………. and practice. For example, we have lab sessions where I can ………………. what I’ve learned. This makes studying more interesting and ……………….

     12.            Are you more interested in theoretical or practical subjects? Why?

I prefer …………… subjects because they allow me to gain hands-on experience and ………………….. real-world scenarios. This approach not only sharpens my skills but also builds my …………………. for future challenges.

I prefer practical subjects because I like to apply what I’ve learned in real situations. It makes learning more fun and gives me …………………… I can use in the future.

     13.            Do you find your studies difficult? Why or why not?

Sometimes, the workload can be…………………., especially when I have to meet tight deadlines. However, I stay motivated by setting ……………….. and managing my schedule effectively.

Sometimes my studies are a bit hard, especially when I have a lot of assignments or……………….. But I try to manage my time well and stay ………………….. which helps me deal with the workload.

14.  How do you usually prepare for exams?

I prepare for exams by ………………..a study schedule that helps me balance my workload. I also collaborate with classmates for group discussions and …………………. past papers to improve my understanding.

I prepare for exams by making a study plan so I can manage my time well. I also study with my classmates and practice past papers to …………………. my understanding of the topics.

15.  Do you prefer studying alone or with others? Why?

I prefer a mix of both. Studying alone helps me focus and ……………… my time effectively, while group study sessions are engaging and help me explore ………………….. perspectives.

I like both. When I study alone, I can ………………. better, but studying with others helps me learn from different ………………… and understand things more clearly

16.  What are your future plans after finishing your studies?

After completing my studies, I plan to ……………….. a career in software engineering. My ultimate goal is to climb the career ladder by gaining expertise in my field and making a meaningful impact in a reputable company.

After I …………….. my studies, I plan to work as a software engineer. I want to keep learning and improving my skills so I can build a ……………..career and contribute to interesting projects

CHOOSE THE CORRECT MODAL VERB.

Using can, could, may, should

How well do you manage your time? 
There is so much to be said in favour of good time management that it's surprising how many people  are bad at it. From the school student who always struggles to submit - work on time ... to the 
powerful businessperson who_relies on a personal assistant to organise their day, we could all 
benefit from a more organised approach.The simple fact is that poor time management can have some terrible consequences•. These include 
damaged relationship, getting a reputation for always being late, and seeing your free time get 
eaten up. On the other hand, people who manage their time well are more  efficient
, improve their job prospects , and are known to suffer
less from sleep problems, anger and stress              Can you make pre reading , while reading, post reading task for this text 

PREDICTIONS, WILL, MAY, MIGHT, COULD

This trivia activity helps students practice how to communicate effectively and respectfully during workplace meetings. Each question presents a common situation that could happen in a professional discussion. Students must choose the best response from three options.

Through this trivia, students will:

• Learn polite and professional ways to express opinions, agree, or disagree.
• Practice strategies to manage interruptions and misunderstandings.
• Develop skills for keeping meetings organized, on-topic, and collaborative.

Objective:
To reinforce communication strategies and polite expressions used in professional meetings through fun, scenario-based questions.

A. Complete the blanks whith a modal of deduction. The context will help to determine the correct modal: (must, may, might, could, can't)

1. The lights are off, and no one's answering the door. They __________ be out of the house. 
2. He __________ be at the office; his car is parked outside.
3. Sarah is very good at mathematics, so this problem ____________ be difficult for her.
4. I heard some strange noises coming from the attic. It ___________ be the wind, but I’m not sure.
5. This package is very heavy. It ___________ contain something fragile.
6. John looks exhausted today. He ___________ have stayed up late last night.
7. The train is always on time, so it ___________ be late today.
8. You __________ want to double-check your answers before submitting the test.
9. They ___________ have left already; the meeting isn't until an hour from now.
10. With those dark clouds, it ____________ start raining soon.

B. The correct past tense modal of deduction should be chosen: (must have, may have, could hace, might have, can't have)

1. The kitchen is a mess. The kids ____ been playing in here.
2. She didn't answer my calls all day. She ____ been busy with something important.
3. The road was wet this morning. It ____ rained last night.
4. I can't find my keys anywhere. I ____ left them at work.
5. He looks so happy today. He ____ received good news.
6. There was no cake left by the time I arrived. It ____ been really delicious.
7. They ____ forgotten about the meeting; they didn’t show up.
8. You ____ seen them at the party yesterday; they were definitely there.
9. The door was open when I got home. Someone ____ been inside.
10. She ____ have known about the surprise; she seemed genuinely shocked. 

The pace of technological advancement in the mobile phone industry is nothing short of astonishing. Ten years ago, mobiles were just about making calls. Today, they are cameras,
video cameras,
portable media
players, and so much more. How else might mobile phone technology advance in the future?
High-speed Internet connections on mobiles make it possible to watch TV and also play interactive games.
The problem is the size of the picture. Who wants to watch a movie on a 5-inch screen? The solution will be built-in projectors. Televisions may soon become a thing of the past thanks to technology that will allow people to create a big-screen experience on their living room wall with their mobiles.
Another new
development is the flexible screen.
Scientists have already developed the technology that would allow mobile screens to take on various forms.
Imagine being able to roll out the screen from your phone so it is closer to the size of a laptop, then roll it back up to fit in your pocket. This kind of technology could make laptops and desktops obsolete.
Mobile phones will also replace our wallets, turning us into a cashless society. Technology will turn our phones into credit cards, IDs, keys for our cars and homes, and more. In some countries, many users already purchase products with their phones.
Smartphones will also inform us of goods and services we might like wherever we are. We will need to be comfortable with having large amounts of information about our lifestyles on our phones for this to happen.
But this is already the case for people who regularly use social networking websites.
Looking further into the future it is certain that smartphones will incorporate nanotechnology, allowing us to use our phones to scan our food for harmful toxins, for example. In short, the smartphone of the future will be the ultimate do-anything gadget. In the words of Eric Schmidt, Google's chairman and CEO, "it will be our alter ego - fundamental to everything we do".

Read the article and choose the correct option (A, B, C or D).
1 The reason people may use TVs less in the future is
A smartphones will have bigger screen displays.
B TV programmes will be made especially for smartphones.
C smartphones will be able to project images
onto walls.
D TV programmes will all be watched on PCs.
2 Smartphone screens will soon be
A unbreakable.
C expandable.
B rigid.
D exchangeable.
3 In the future, cash could become A more valuable.
B no longer necessary.
C used in only some countries.
D made of plastic.
4 In order for our phones to suggest goods and services to us, we would have to A make changes to our lifestyle.
B join a social networking site.
C provide location details.
D sacrifice some privacy.
5 The nanotechnology of the future may
A replace smartphones.
B release harmful toxins.
C be used in a number of gadgets.
D revolutionize smartphones.
5x2=10 marks

pupils have to decide if the questions could be asked by jobseekers or employers

SUPER EASY SONG TO PRACTICE LISTENING

Ejercicio para aprender usar Can y Could.

Write down the correct answer

Use of can and could

Write down the words that could replace these blue pairs

Unit  9 General Quiz

CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), students learn various subjects like history, art, science and math in a foreign language. Rather than being a stand-alone subject, language becomes a skill acquired in the classroom while mastering other types of content.

Tips for Planning and Teaching CLIL Lessons 

As you can see from the lesson plans above, you can get creative with CLIL lessons and include diverse themes! Whether you want to make your own lesson plan or you’ll be working off these examples, here are some ways to make your CLIL lessons even more effective:  

Teach vocabulary separately 

Pick the important concepts and words and teach them in isolation from the main lesson. I usually prep students by doing this beforehand, but you can also choose to wait until after the class.

During the class, assume your students are native speakers of the target language and just teach the subject. For example, when the lesson is about math, teach actual addition and subtraction, not the translation of the word “addition” in German. Teach the math and be a math teacher for the duration of the activity.

In the course of the lesson, kids will be compelled to use their critical thinking skills to figure out the meanings of any unknown words. 

Include authentic materials

Aside from CLIL materials on the subject you want, look for authentic materials too about the subject at hand. For example, on top of CLIL-specific materials about philosophy in German, I’d look for native German discussions, blogs, websites, forums and book excerpts about philosophy too

There are three particular sites that I often check because they’re loaded with authentic materials and educational links:

• Government sites and ministries. One of the aims of national leadership, for all states, is the education of their populace. So you can be sure that their websites have links to resources that can help you find material for CLIL. For example, the site for France’s Ministry of National Educationhas links to academic sites and even its own search engine.
• Websites for the top universities in the country. Naturally, these sites are replete with links to the latest research, publications, lessons and journals. You may also find online libraries, databases and even e-books you could use. Take the example of Technische Universität München, one of the top universities in Germany.
• Forums for native speakers. When you join these forums, you’ll have reached the inner sanctum of the country—at least online. Read the posts and discussion and you’ll have an insider’s look not only at their relationship problems, you’ll find in their postings, links to sites that native speakers actually use and recommend to each other. This one’s big in China.

Give simple worksheets

Keep any CLIL worksheets visually appealing and user-friendly. Avoid overcrowding it or making it too “busy.”

Use a consistent font and style throughout—ideally a basic font that won’t be distracting. Include lots of pictures and graphs to enhance the visual appearance. 

These are my favorite resource websites for worksheets:

• One Stop English — This site provides unique English CLIL resources that can be adapted to any language. You’ll find puzzles, crosswords, vocabulary worksheets and more catering to a range of ages.
• Teachers Pay Teachers — As the name suggests, this is a platform where teachers can sell resources that they’ve created to other teachers. Just look up “CLIL Teaching Resources,” and you can even filter for worksheets and select them by subject and grade. 
• Scholastic’s Teacher Resources — This is a great place to find worksheet ideas to fit any subject you’re teaching through CLIL. You can get grade-appropriate lesson plans here on everything from literature to basic science to economics.
• Instant Online Crossword Puzzle Maker— This non-traditional worksheet option is great for teaching vocabulary in any subject or language in an engaging way. You can use this instant crossword maker to easily produce fun worksheets targeting any vocabulary set you’re working on. 
• Pinterest — Mostly known for craft and home decor inspiration, this popular platform is now also a go-to source for great lesson plan ideas, especially for elementary school children. Just type “CLIL” into the search bar plus the name of the target language (e.g. “CLIL italiano”). 

Do scaffolding

Give the students the temporary support they need to reach higher levels of comprehension and mastery, in terms of both the language and the content.

Begin with simple tasks and work your way up to those that are more complex. Give clear directions and explain concepts in multiple ways to ensure understanding.

I sometimes start with intro exercises where students match vocabulary with images, followed by guided readings where key vocabulary is highlighted. After that, students can do more involved discussions and activities that involve problem-solving and research.

Use gestures, visual aids and props. 

You used to just stand there and talk. With CLIL, not anymore. Illustrate what you’re speaking about, and you’ll see that students are better able to grasp your message.

Break up presentations with videos and images that students will find interesting. You can show mind maps or flowcharts to explain more complicated processes. 

I also try to bring props whenever I can. I’ve used 3D models of different shapes in math when explaining concepts like area or volume and even puppets for storytelling. If the subject is history or geography, these might be objects related to what the students are learning.

Practice the topic of may could might along with odd jobs

unit 9, 4th , next move